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The instrument specifically used for harvesting veins in the coronary arteries is the endoscopic vein harvest scope. This specialized tool enables surgeons to access and retrieve veins, commonly the saphenous vein, with minimal incisions. The endoscopic approach allows for improved visualization and precision during the harvesting process, leading to a less invasive procedure compared to traditional methods.

The endoscopic vein harvest scope is designed to work within the anatomy of the lower leg where the veins are located, making it particularly suited for the task of vein harvesting in cardiac surgeries such as coronary artery bypass grafting. By minimizing tissue damage and promoting quicker recovery times, this instrument enhances patient outcomes in cardiac procedures.

In contrast, the other instruments listed are designed for different purposes. The arthroscope is used for examining and treating joint issues, the hysteroscope is utilized for viewing the inside of the uterus, and the laparoscope is employed for surgeries in the abdominal or pelvic area. Each of these instruments serves distinct functions that do not relate to vein harvesting, emphasizing why the endoscopic vein harvest scope is the correct choice for this specific procedure.